Image representation – Grayscale and color Images, image sampling, and quantization; Two-dimensional orthogonal transforms – DFT, FFT, WHT, Haar transform, KLT, DCT; Image enhancement – filters in spatial and frequency domains, histogram-based processing, homomorphic filtering; Edge detection – non-parametric and model-based approaches, LOG filters, localization problem; Image Restoration – PSF, circulant and block – circulant matrices, deconvolution, restoration using inverse filtering, Wiener filtering, and maximum entropy-based methods; Mathematical morphology – binary morphology, dilation, erosion, opening and closing, duality relations, grayscale morphology, applications such as hit-and-miss transform, thinning, and shape decomposition; Computer tomography – parallel beam projection, Radon transform, and its inverse, Back-projection operator, Fourier-slice theorem, CBP and FBP methods, ART, Fan beam projection; Image communication – JPEG, MPEGs, and H.26x standards, packet video, error concealment; Image texture analysis – co-occurrence matrix, measures of textures, statistical models for textures. Misc. topics such as – Hough Transform, boundary detection, chain coding, and segmentation, thresholding methods.